Espresso

Espresso Network is a confirmation layer developed by Espresso Systems that aims to offer layer-two networks fast transaction confirmation backed by decentralized consensus. The majority of rollups order transactions with a single sequencer; Espresso instead aims to move the sequencing and confirmation of transactions to a shared layer that multiple rollups can use. ESP is the network token with contracts on Ethereum and Arbitrum.

The network uses a Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) consensus protocol called HotShot. This structure aims to make it harder for a sequencer to report conflicting transaction orders to different parties and to provide protection against chain reorganizations. Because sequencing is separated from execution, each rollup can keep its own application logic while benefiting from the shared confirmation layer. ESP is staked to secure the network under a proof-of-stake model and is used as a fee for processing transaction flows on the network.

The ESP price may be influenced by the number of rollups using Espresso and their transaction volume, the level of adoption of the shared sequencing idea in the layer-two ecosystem, the supply created by staking rewards, and token unlocks. On Lzzo.com, the ESP price is taken from ESP/USDT trading on Binance and converted into dollars at Coinbase Exchange's USDT/USD rate; the chart shows this dollar series.